The potatoes began to import from South America in the sixteenth century and took another 150 years to become one of the staple foods of Europe. Currently, the most consumed is in Central and Eastern Europe, although they are present in the diet of the whole continent, with an average consumption per capita of 94 Kg in 2005. Next, we present a series of important and interesting nutritional aspects about the role of potatoes in a healthy and balanced diet.